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Name:Fatimah
Title: az- Zahra'
[The shining one].
Agnomen:
Father's name: Muhammad ibn 'Abdillah.
Mother's name: khadijah bint khuwaylid.
Birth: Born in Mecca of Friday, 20th jumad A-thaaniyah in the
fifth year after the declaration of the prophet-hood (615 AD).
Death: Died at the age of 18 in Medina on 14th Jumad al-ula 11 AH
(632 AD); buried in the graveyard called Jannatul-Baqi in Medina.
- Hadhrat
Fatima Az-Zahra
- was the only daughter of the Holy Prophet and Hadhrat khadijah.
the circumstances of her birth are described by Hadhrat khadijah
as follows: At the time of the birth of Hadrat Fatimah, I sent for
my neighboring qurayshite women to assist me. They flatly refused,
saying that I had betrayed them by supporting Muhammad. I was
perturbed for a while, when, to my great surprise, I sighted four
strange tall women with halos around them, approaching me.
Finding me dismayed, one of them addressed me thus,
"O
Khadijah! I am Sarah, the mother of Is'haq, and the other three
are, Mary the mother of Christ, Asiyah the daughter of Muzahim,
and Umm kulthum, the sister of Moses. We have all been commanded
by God to put our nursing knowledge at your disposal."
saying
this, all of them sat around me and rendered the services of
midwifery till my daughter Fatimah was born. The motherly
blessings and affection received by Hadrat Fatimah were only for
five years, after which Hadrat Khadijah left for her heavenly home
. Hereafter the Holy Prophet brought her up.
-
- Marriage -
When Fatimah come of
age, there come forward a number of aspirants to ask for her hand
in marriage among them was Umar Bin Khattab. The Holy prophet was awaiting the Divine order in
this respect, till Our Master Imam Ali approached him and asked for her
hand in marriage. The Holy Prophet come to Hadhrat Fatimah and
asked,
"My daughter ! Do you consent to be wedded to
Ali,
as I am so commanded by Allah?"
Hadrat Fatimah thereupon
bowed her head in modesty. Umm Salamah narrates:
"The face
of Fatimah bloomed with joy and her silence was so suggestive and
conspicuous that the Holy Prophet stood up reciting Allahu Akbar
(Allah is most great)"
-
- Fatimah's silence is
her acceptance
- On Friday, 1st. dhi'l - hijjah 2 A H, the
marriage ceremony took place. All the Muhajirun (Emigrants) and
Ansar (Helpers) of Medina assembled in the mosque while Imam Ali [a.s]
was seated before the Holy Prophet with all the ceremonious
modesty of a bridegroom. they Holy Prophet first recited an
eloquent sermon and them announced:
"I have been commanded by Allah
to get Fatimah wedded to Ali, and so I do hereby solemnize the
matrimony between Ali and Fatimah on a dower of four hundred
mithqal of silver."
Then he asked Imam ` Ali,
"Do you consent
to it, O Ali ?" Yes, I do , O Holy Prophet of Allah!"
replied Imam Ali. Then the Holy Prophet raised his hands to pray
thus O my god ! bless both of them , sanctify their progeny and
grant them the keys of The beneficence, Thy treasures of wisdom
and Thy genius; and let them be a source of blessing and peace to
my ummah. Her children; Imam Hassan, Imam Hussayn, zaynab and um
kultun, are well known for their piety, goodness and
generosity.Their strength of character and action changed the
course of history and fortified Islam which otherwise would have
been lost to mankind.
-
- Her Ethical Attributes
- Hardrat Fatimah
inherited the genius and wisdom, the determination and will -
power, the piety and sanctity, the generosity and benevolence, the
devotion and worship of Allah, the self - sacrifice and
hospitality, the forbearance and patience, and the knowledge and
nobility of disposition of her illustrious father , both in words
and deeds. " I often witnessed my mother, "says Imam
Husayn, " absorbed in preayer from dusk to down. "Her
generosity and compassion for the poor was such that no destitute
or beggar ever returned from her door unattended.
-
- The Property of Fadak
- The Holy Prophet
during his lifetime gave Hadrat Fatimah a gift of very extensive
from land , known as Fadak , which was documented in her name as
her absolute property. The death of the Holy Prophet affected her
very much and she was very sad and grief - stricken and wept her
heart out crying all the time . she was confronted, after the
demise of her father, with the deprivement of the rightful claim
of leadership of her husband Imam ` Ali , and the usurpation of
her inheritance, the Fadak. Throughout her life, she never spoke
to those who had oppressed her and deprived her of her rightful
claims. She requested that her oppressors should be kept away even
from attending her funeral. Her ill - wishers even resorted to
physical violence. Once the door of her house was pushed on her ,
and the child she was carrying was hurt and the baby - boy was
still born. Her house was set on fire. Having been molested and
strichen with grief, which crossed all limits of forbearance and
endurance , she expressed her sorrows in and elegy composed by
herself to mourn her father the Holy Prophet. A couplet of the
elegy, with particular reference to her woeful plight, she
expressed thus: O my father ! after your death I was subjected to
such tortures and tyranny that if they had been inflicted on the
`Day' , it would have turned into ` Night'.
-
- Death -Hadrat Fatimah did
not survive more than seventy-five day after the demise of her
father. she breathed her last on the 14th jumada'l - ula 11 AH.
Before her demise she bequeathed the following as her will to Imam
Ali [a.s]:
-
- 1] O Ali, you will personally perform my funeral rites.
-
- 2] Those who have displeased my should not be allowed to attend my
funeral.
-
- 3] My corpse should be carried to the graveyard at right.
-
-
Thus Imam compliance with her will , performed all the funeral
rites and accompanied exclusively by her relatives and sons
carried her at night to Jannatu l-Baqi, where she was laid to rest
and her wishes fulfilled.
-
- The Holy Prophet
said: "whoever
injures (bodily or sentimentally ) Fatimah, injures me ; and
whoever injures me injures Allah; and whoever injures Allah
practices unbelief. O Fatimah ! If your wrath is incurred, it
incurs the wrath of Allah; and if you are happy, it makes Allah
happy too."
- M.H. shakir writes:
-
- Fatimah, the only
daughter of the Holy prophet of Islam, was born I Mecca on 20 Th.
Jumada ' th - thaniyah 18 BH. The good and noble lady Khadijah and
the apostle of Allah bestowed all their natural love, care and
devotion on their lovable and only child Fatimah, who in her turn
was extremely fond of her parents. The princess of the House of
the Prophet, was very intelligent, accomplished and cheerful. Her
sermons, poems and sayings serve, as an index to her strength of
character and nobility of mind. Her virtues gained her the title
" Our Lady of light. she was tall, slender and endowed with
great beauty, which caused her to be called " az - Zahra'
" (the Lady of Light). she was called az - Zahra' because
her light used to shine among those in Heaven. After arriving in
Medina, she was married to ` Ali , in the first year hijrah, and
she gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Her children,
Hasan, Husayn, Zaynab and umm kul-thum. are well - known for their
piety , goodness and generosity Their strength of chracter and
actions changed the course of history. The Holy Prophet said,
" Fatimah is a peace of my heart". He would go out to
receive his doughtier whenever she come from her husband's house.
- Every morning on his
way to the Mosque, he would pass by Fatimah's house and say:
-
-
"as-salamu alaykum ya ahlul-Bayti-nubuwwah wa ma'dani 'r - risala " (peace be on you O the Household of prophet
hood and the source of Messengership)
-
- Fatimah is famous and
acknowledged as the "sayyidatu 'N-nisa'i Al-alamin" (Leader of all the women of the world for all times ) because the
Prophethood of Muhammad would not have been everlasting without
her. The Prophet is the perfect example for men, but could not be
so for women. For all the verses revealed in the Holy Qur'an for
women, Fatimah is the perfect model, who translated every year
into action. In her lifetime, she was a complete woman, being
Daughter, wife and Mother at the some time.
-
- Muhammad during his
lifetime, gave Fatimah a gift of very extensive farm lands, famous
as
Fadak, which were documented in her name, as her absolute
personal property. An heiress to the remainder of her mother`s
wealth, a princess who was the only daughter of the holy prophet
who was also a ruler, a lady whose husband was the conqueror of
Arab tribes and second only to her father in and position, Fatimah
could have led a luxurious life. But in spite of her wealth and
possessions, she worked, dressed, ate and lived very simply.
-
- she
was very generous; and none who come to her door, went away empty
handed. Many times she gave away her all and herself went without
food. As a daughter, she loved her parents so much, that she won
their love and regard to such and extent that the Holy prophet
used to rise, whenever she come near him As a wife, she was very
devoted.
-
- She never asked Ali for anything in her whole life. As a mother , she cared for
and brought up wonderful children; they have lift their marks on
the face of the world , which time will not be able to eraze. The
death of the Apostle, affected her very much and she was very sad
and grief striken and wept her heart out crying all the time.
unfortunately, after the death of the prophet, the office of
Caliphate confiscated her famous land of Fadak and gave it to the state.
-
- Death -
Fatimah was pushed behind
the door when they attacked the
house of Ali and took him to force him accept the caliphate of
Abu Baker, so that the child, she was carrying was hurt.
-
- Her house was set on
fire by the Government. The tragedy of her father's death and the
unkindness of her father's followers, were too much for the good ,
gently and sensitive lady and she breathed her last on 14 Th.
Jumada ` l - ula 11 AH, exactly seventy - five days after the
death of her father, the Holy prophet of Islam. Fatimah died in
the prime of her life at the age of eighteen, and was buried in
jannatu'l-Baqi in Medina al-Munawwarah.
-
May
Allah bestow peace and benedictions upon our Lady, Fatima azZahra and may Allah's curse be on those who oppressed
her, those that belonged to the
wretched pedigree.
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